1,052 research outputs found
Introduction to State Estimation of High-Rate System Dynamics
Engineering systems experiencing high-rate dynamic events, including airbags, debris detection, and active blast protection systems, could benefit from real-time observability for enhanced performance. However, the task of high-rate state estimation is challenging, in particular for real-time applications where the rate of the observer’s convergence needs to be in the microsecond range. This paper identifies the challenges of state estimation of high-rate systems and discusses the fundamental characteristics of high-rate systems. A survey of applications and methods for estimators that have the potential to produce accurate estimations for a complex system experiencing highly dynamic events is presented. It is argued that adaptive observers are important to this research. In particular, adaptive data-driven observers are advantageous due to their adaptability and lack of dependence on the system model
Geothermal Heating and its Influence on the Meridional Overturning Circulation
The effect of geothermal heating on the meridional overturning circulation is examined using an idealized, coarse-resolution ocean general circulation model. This heating is parameterized as a spatially uniform heat flux of 50 mW m-2 through the (flat) ocean floor, in contrast with previous studies that have considered an isolated hotspot or a series of plumes along the mid-Atlantic ridge. The equilibrated response is largely advective: a deep perturbation of the meridional overturning cell on the order of several Sv is produced, connecting with an upper-level circulation at high latitudes, allowing the additional heat to be released to the atmosphere. Risingmotion in the perturbation deep cell is concentrated near the equator. The upward penetration of this cell is limited by the thermocline, analogous to the role of the stratosphere in limiting the upward penetration of convective plumes in the atmosphere. The magnitude of the advective response is inversely proportional to the deep stratification; with a weaker background meridional overturning circulation and a less stratified abyss, the overturning maximum of the perturbation deep cell is increased. This advective response also cools the low-latitude thermocline. The qualitative behavior is similar in both a single hemisphere and double hemisphere configuration.The anomalous circulation driven by geothermal fluxes is more substantial than previously thought. We are able to understand the structure and strength of the response in the idealized geometry and further extend these ideas to explain the results of Adcroft et al. [2001], where the impact of geothermal heating was examined using a global configuration
Cosmic Texture from a Broken Global SU(3) Symmetry
We investigate the observable consequences of creating cosmic texture by
breaking a global SU(3) symmetry, rather than the SU(2) case which is generally
studied. To this end, we study the nonlinear sigma model for a totally broken
SU(3) symmetry, and develop a technique for numerically solving the classical
field equations. This technique is applied in a cosmological context: the
energy of the collapsing SU(3) texture field is used as a gravitational source
for the production of perturbations in the primordial fluids of the early
universe. From these calculations, we make predictions about the appearance of
the anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR) which
would be present if the large scale structure of the universe was
gravitationally seeded by the collapse of SU(3) textures.Comment: 28 pages, latex, 11 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Plenary Session III – Policy Track: Focus on Innovation
Dr. Cicchini will describe the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety and how its work can inform efforts in Massachusetts to promote older driver road safety. Dr. Reimer will describe innovations in research and the implications for policy. Nora Moreno Cargie will discuss how corporate and philanthropic partners can support innovative policy developments. Meghan Verona Joyce will describe Uber’s innovative partnership with government partners as a model for other entities to consider as they face regulatory challenges. Betsey Crimmins will discuss the legal and elder justice innovations needed to keep older MA adults safe and mobile
Topological String on Toric CY3s in Large Complex Structure Limit
We develop a non planar topological vertex formalism and we use it to study
the A-model partition function of topological string on the
class of toric Calabi-Yau threefolds (CY3) in large complex structure limit. To
that purpose, we first consider the special Lagrangian
fibration of generic CY3-folds and we give the realization of the class of
large toric CY3-folds in terms of supersymmetric gauged linear sigma
model with \emph{non zero} gauge invariant superpotentials . Then, we focus on a one complex parameter supersymmetric gauged
model involving six chiral superfields with and we use it to compute the function
for the case of the local elliptic curve in the limit .Comment: Latex, 38 pages, 12 figures. To appear in Nucl Phys
Identifying contributors to disparities in patient access of online medical records: Examining the role of clinician encouragement
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to understand the influence of clinician encouragement and sociodemographic factors on whether patients access online electronic medical records (EMR).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed 3279 responses from the Health Information National Trends Survey 5 cycle 4 survey, a cross-sectional, nationally representative survey administered by the National Cancer Institute. Frequencies and weighted proportions were calculated to compare clinical encouragement and access to their online EMR. Using multivariate logistic regression, we identified factors associated with online EMR use and clinician encouragement.
RESULTS: In 2020, an estimated 42% of US adults accessed their online EMR and 51% were encouraged by clinicians to access their online EMR. In multivariate regression, respondents who accessed EMR were more likely to have received clinician encouragement (odds ratio [OR], 10.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 7.7-14.0), college education or higher (OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.4-2.7), history of cancer (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.0-2.3), and history of chronic disease (OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.7-3.2). Male and Hispanic respondents were less likely to have accessed EMR than female and non-Hispanic White respondents (OR, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.5-0.8, and OR, 0.5; 95% CI, 0.3-0.8, respectively). Respondents receiving encouragement from clinicians were more likely to be female (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.3-2.3), have college education (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.1-2.0), history of cancer (OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.3-2.5), and greater income levels (OR, 1.8-3.6).
DISCUSSION: Clinician encouragement of patient EMR use is strongly associated with patients accessing EMR, and there are disparities in who receives clinician encouragement related to education, income, sex, and ethnicity.
CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians have an important role to ensure that all patients benefit from online EMR use
Instantons, Quivers and Noncommutative Donaldson-Thomas Theory
We construct noncommutative Donaldson-Thomas invariants associated with
abelian orbifold singularities by analysing the instanton contributions to a
six-dimensional topological gauge theory. The noncommutative deformation of
this gauge theory localizes on noncommutative instantons which can be
classified in terms of three-dimensional Young diagrams with a colouring of
boxes according to the orbifold group. We construct a moduli space for these
gauge field configurations which allows us to compute its virtual numbers via
the counting of representations of a quiver with relations. The quiver encodes
the instanton dynamics of the noncommutative gauge theory, and is associated to
the geometry of the singularity via the generalized McKay correspondence. The
index of BPS states which compute the noncommutative Donaldson-Thomas
invariants is realized via topological quantum mechanics based on the quiver
data. We illustrate these constructions with several explicit examples,
involving also higher rank Coulomb branch invariants and geometries with
compact divisors, and connect our approach with other ones in the literature.Comment: 95 pages, 5 figures; v2: clarifying comments added, discussions using
tilting strengthened, references added and updated; v3: minor corrections,
final version to be published in Nuclear Physics
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